Gasket



0t.29, 1940. E. B. REYNOLDS HAL 2,219,962

GASKET Filed sept. 1e, '1939 2 shams-sheer 1 5V. Il s mmmmlw@ fg mmvATTORNEYS oet. 29,1940. E- B' REYNOLDS EVAL 2.219362 GASKET Filed Sept.18. 1939 2 Sh'ets-She'et 2 www W ATTORN EY5 Patented Oct. 29, 1940rATENT OFFICE GASKET Edward Bert Reynolds, Fort Erie, Ontario,

Canada, and Alfred C. Faul, Bualo, N. Y.

Application September 18, 1939, Serial No. 295,444

.2 claims.

This invention relates to a gasket which is more particularly designedfor sealing or packing the joint between the bake oven of a stove aroundthe inlet opening thereof and the edge of the door which is hinged tothe oven and adapted to move toward and from the same for covering anduncovering said opening, although this gasket is also capable of use inother installations where similar conditions exist.

In baking stoves, particularly those which are electrically heated, itis difficult, if not impossible, to secure a uniform engagement of theedge portion of the door with that part of the oven wall adjacent to theedge of its vinlet opening through which the material is in-troducedinto and removed from the oven and asa result hot vapors and gases leakout of theoven, past the joint between the oven wall and the door whenthe latter is. closed. This Vis objectionable not only on account of theloss of heat and a waste of fuel, `but it is also undesirable vinthatthe hot vapors and gases escaping from the oven produce adiscoloration or staining of the oven around the opening and the doorand therefore impair the neat appearance of the same.

It has also been found that in the case of ash pit doors for furnaceswhich do not `teach other accurately drafts of air are notshut off fullyso that the fire in the furnace is not under control and cannotbecluding air. 1

In case `of large chimneys having covers for clean-out openingstherein,`it has also been diii# cult to maintain a'tight joint betweenthese covers and the frames around the chimney openings checkedeffectively by exto -prevent drafts which otherwise reduce theeffectiveness of the chimney.

In annealing and hardening furnaces it is also diiicult to maintain atight joint between the doors and the chambers containing the Ymaterialunder treatment.

It is therefore thefobject` of this inventionfto provide a gasket foruse ,between a chamber around an opening therein vand a closure which isadapted to cover and uncover this opening which produces a tight,non-leaking joint therebetween and effectivelyprevents the passage ofgases, vapors or the like through such joints notwithstanding that theopposing bearing surfaces of these members are not absolutely `accurateand thus enable an oven to belieated quicker,

avoid `discoloration of the samev in the case of a baking stove,` alsoprevent leakageof air into the ash pit in the case of a furnaceto permitof con-` trolling the met-alsa t0 rerenilakage 0i air into a chimney soas to avoid interfering with its draft and also correct similarlconditions in other installations of alike character, such as the doorsof annealing furnaces.

in the accompanying drawings: 5

Fig. l is a fragmentary vertical section showing this invention appliedto a stove, this section being taken vertically through the length ofthe door of the stove and the adjacent part of the front wall of itsbaking oven and showing the door by full lines in its closed position,and by dotted lines in its open position.

Fig. 2 isa vertical section taken parallel with the front side of thestove and on line 2-2, Fig. l and showing part of the lining on theinner side of the door broken away. l

Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken on line 33, Fig. 2. l

Figs. 4 and 5 are fragmentary horizontal sections, on thecorrespondingly numbered lines in Fig. 2, and on `an enlarged scale,showing the formation, respectively, of the iillingof the gasket at apoint remote from the door hinge and at a point near to thi-s hinge. i v

Fig. .6 is afragmentary perspective view of a portion of the preferredform of this gasket detached from the stove door. e Fig. 7 is afragmentaryelevation of a stove oven door viewed from the inner sidethereof and showing a modification of this invention.

Fig. 8 is a horizontal section, on an enlarged scale, taken on line 8-8,Fig. 7. y Fig..9 is a fragmentary horizontal section'similar to Fig.Y 8on a still larger scale in order to `show lthe form of the gasket andthe manner of mounting the same on a door.

In the following description similar characters of reference indicatelike parts in the several figures of the drawings:

Although this invention can be used advanta- 40.

geously for sealingorpacking the joint between two rrelatively movablemembers so as to produce an air, gas or vapor tight joint therebetween,the same is shown in Figs. 1-5 of the drawings, as an example of one ofthe various uses of this invention, between the bake oven of a stove andits door whereby the inlet of this oven is covered and uncovered. Thisstove as there shown comprises a bake oven or chamber Il) adapted toreceivethe food to be baked and provided at its front end with an inletopening or passage H through which the food to be baked is introducedinto and removed from the oven and which is surrounded by a bearingsurface l2, and anupright wal1g|3 which forms part of 55 the stove frameor housing across the front end of the bake oven and provided with anopening I4 which registers with the inlet II of the bake oven. Thisinlet is covered and uncovered by a door which is movable into and outof a position across the front end of the oven and comprises an uprightmetal panel or frame I5 which has its marginal or edge portionsoverlapping the bearing surfaces I2 of the bake oven and provided with arearwardly or inwardly projecting marginal ange I6 adapted toengage withor to be arranged close to this bearing surface.

This door may be movably mounted on the bakeY oven in any suitablemanner so as to permit of opening and closing the same, this beingaccomplished by means similar to'tho'se'now in common use and includinga pair of hinges I1 which connect the door adjacent to opposite ends ofits lower horizontal edge with the lower front part of the bake oven sothat those parts of the door. above its hinges can be moved toward andfrom the inlet of the oven. i

On its inner side the oven door is provided with heat insulating liningmeans in order to protect the same. from thev effects of the heat of theoven and prevent the panel of the door from becoming warped. Theprotecting means for this purpose shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of thedrawings are well known and comprise a .sheet metal liner or plate whichis arranged on the inner side of the door panel and dished inwardly toform a central flat shield I8 and a marginal flange I9 secured by meansof screws 20 to the adjacent marginal parts of the door panel. Theshield I8 of the liner .and the panel I5 of the door are spaced fromeachother so as to form a pocket therebetween which receives a fillingZI of asbestos or similar material which operates asa heat insulator forpreventing the door panel' from becoming unduly heated.

The gasket forming the subject of this invention and used in connectionwith the bake oven and,A door of the stove shown in Figs. 1-6 of thedrawings is constructed and operatesA as follows:

Mounted on the inner side of the door panel along its upper horizontalfree edge and its upright vertical edges is a strip of woven wire whichisfolded so as to produce an outer tube 22 havi-ng a slot 23 lengthwiseon one lside thereof and two inner flanges or flaps 24, 24 extendinglaterally from said tube on opposite sides of the slot 23 thereof. Thiswoven wire strip is so mounted on the inner side ofthe door that thesame, as a whole, has the shape of an inverted U, the legs of which arearranged respectively in the upright channels or gaps 25. formed on theinner side of the door between the vertical portions of its marginalflanges I6 and the adjacent vertical flanges I9 of the liner, while theupper crosspiece of this U-shaped strip of woven wire is arrangedhorizontally'in the channel or gap 25 arranged on the upper part of thedoor between the upper Y horizontal portion of its flange I6 and theadjacent upper horizontal edgev of the liner flangel I9.

The flanges of the vertical and' horizontal portions of this foldedwoven wire strip preferably .engage each other and are arrangedrespectively between the vertical and upper horizontal portions of theliner flange I9 and the adjacent vertical edge portions of the doorpanel and are clamped between the same by the screws 20 which secure theliner to the panel of the door.

The wire from which this gasket strip is woven may be constructed of anysuitable material but preferably of a wire which has some resilience,such as copper wire. This woven wire strip of the gasket is preferablycoated with material which will prevent the same from being discoloredby the vapors or gases which are produced within the bake oven duringthe cooking operation and which come in contact with this woven wire,thereby preserving a neat and finished appearance of this gasket.Protection against discoloration of the wire of the woven strip may beobtained by coating the same with tin, zinc or other non-tarnishingmaterial.

Upon closing a door carrying this woven wire strip, the upper horizontalportion thereof which is arranged farthest from the hinges of the doorengages with the upper horizontal part of the bearing surface of thebake oven above the inlet thereof whiler the vertical parts of thiswoven wire vstrip engage with the Vertical parts of the bearing surfaceof the oven inlet and thereby operate to` seal or pack` these parts ofthe joint between the bake oven and door so as to prevent leakage ofhot. vapors, gases, air or steam through this joint from the interior ofthe oven to the exterior of the same. Upon opening the door theresilience of the wire of which the strip is woven operates to againrestore the tubular part of this strip to its normal condition.

Inasmuch, however, as this woven wire has only a limited amount ofresilience, and this resilience is liable to be reduced by heat duringthe cooking operation, a resilient fibrous filling is placed in thetubular part of the woven strip so that the same together with this tubevirtually forms an elastic bead along the upper horizontal and verticaledge portions of the door. Upon engagingr this resilient bead with theupper horizontal and verticaledge portions of theb-ake oven the samewill not only form a leak-tight joint between these parts but the beadwill also expand toits normal condition when the compression of the sameis removed upon opening the door. This gasket therefore enables thejoint between the door and ovento be effectively sealednotwithstandingthe frequent opening and closing of the doo-r whichoccurs. during successive cooking operations. Y

Although this iilling in the tube of the woven Vwire strip may be variedin'A character, it is preferable to utilize for this purpose an inneriiller section or layer 26 which is relatively hard and only moderatelyresilientand an outer section or layer 2'1- which is comparatively softand markedly resilient. The inner layer or section 2S of this fillerpreferably consists of a twisted cord of asbestos having threads ofcotton mixed therewith so as to give it strength and stability. Thiscord is of: substantially cylindrical form in cross section ,andarranged on the inner side of the woven wire tube so as to extend acrossthe slot 23 of the same.

The outer layer or section 21' of the filling preferably consistsv ofloose asbestos fibers commonly known as asbestos wicking which isgenerally of crescent shape in cross section and interposed between thecylindrical inner filler section 26 and the inner side of the woven tubesubstantially opposite to the slot thereof, as shown in Figs. 1, 4 and6, and forms therewith a filling which is of substantially cylindricalform in cross section as a whole. When this gasket is mounted on thedoor its iianges 24 are parallel with each other and with the plane ofthe door `panel and the bead is turned inwardly relative. to theseAflanges andrests against the inner side of the flange I6 on the doorpanel-so that the highly. resilient wicking 21 of the bead faces thebearing surface I2 of the bake ovenand is supported in this position bythe less resilient cord 26 engaging the back side of this wicking, asshown in Figs. 1,-

4 and 5.

Upon closing the door the bead portions of the tween the respectivesurfaces of the door and the oven and preventing the escape of anyvapors or the like therethrough. Uponagain opening the door theresilience of the bead, due mainly to the elasticity of the fibers ofthe asbestos wicking, together with the slight resilience inherent inthe asbestos cord and the resilience in the woven wire of the tube, willcause the bead `to'again expand to its normal condition and thus providea yielding or cushioning function which permits of its continuousoperation as a sealing or packing means for this purpose.

In its closed position the lower horizontal edge of the door is so closeto or engages with the adjacent horizontal lower part of the bearingsurface I2 of the front oven wall that there is little, if any,liability of any vapors escaping through this part of the joint betweenthese members of the stove.

Inasmuch as the door upon being opened and closed moves in the arc of acircle which varies.

in length according to the distance from the fulcrum or axis of thedoor, that part ofthe resilient gasket farthest from the axis of thedoor hinges is compressed the greatest extent upon closing the door,while those parts of the bead nearer to this axis are deformedprogressively less. In order to compensate for this difference in extentof compression to which this sealing or packing bead is subjected, onlythe upper horizontal portion of this bead and the upper parts of thevertical portions of these beads are made of full diameter while thelower vertical parts of these beads are made of small diameter, as shownat 28. This is preferably accomplished by terminating the lower ends ofthe vertical parts of the asbestos wicking 21 short of the lower ends ofthe corresponding ends of the asbestos cords thereof, as shown in Figs.2 and 3, thereby enabling the door to be closed easily and eecting apractically uniform sealing or packing of the joint throughout thevertical opposing surfaces of the door and oven instead of encounteringan undue resistance to such closing operation which would be liable tooccur if the lower ends of the vertical portions of the bead were of thesame diameter as the remaining upper portions of the same. Although thisreduction in the diameter of the lower end portions of the vertical legsof the packing is best effected by omitting the resilient outer layersof asbestos wicking from the respective parts of the woven wire tubing,this may also be produced by proportionally reducing the thickness ofboth the inner and outer layers of the lling in the lower parts of thistube. In order to facilitate the handling of this woven wire strip andthe filling enclosed therein during the operation of applying thisgasket to the door of the stove, means are provided for connecting theflanges of the strip and holding them together. Various means may beused for this purpose but it is preferable to employ those which areshown in the drawing and which consist of binders applied to thehorizontal and vertical portions of the strip. Each of these binders maybe constructed of a sheet of metal, preferably of stainless steel, whichis bent to form a U-shaped channel the two plies 29 of which receivebetween them the edges of the two flanges of the respective part of thewoven strip. These parts are held together by tightly pressing the sameagainst each other, as best shown in Figs. 4, and 6. When the binding isthus applied to the woven strip, the latter is maintained in its closedposition so that the fibrous filling therein cannot become displaced,thereby permitting this gasket to be readily and conveniently handledand applied to the door.

In some stoves, as shown in Figs. 1, 8 and 9, the front wall of the sameis provided around the opening of the oven I 0 with a countersunkshoulder or rabbet 30 which is opposite the inwardly projecting flangeI6 on the panel I5 of the door, and the inner side of the latter isprotected against warping under the heat in the oven by means whichinclude a sheet metal liner having a central shield 3I, an offset 32around the edge of the shield, and a ilange 33 projecting outwardly fromthe edge of the offset 33 and spaced from the inner side of the flangeIE on the door panel. This liner is secured to the door by a pluralityof screws 34 passing through the offset of the liner and into metalcleats 35 secured to the inner side of the door panel, thereby avoidingthe formation of any screw holes in the door panel. The space betweenthe door panel and the liner is filled with a heat insulating filling 36such as asbestos wool or sheets.

In this form of door and liner the flanges 24, 24 of the woven wirestrip are arranged transversely between the inwardly projecting flangeI6 of the door panel I5 and the outwardly pro` jecting flange 33of theliner, the tube 22 of the strip is arranged adjacent to the inner partsof these iianges and the inner ends of the strip flanges 24 are providedwith correspondingly bent hooks 31 which extend around the inner edge ofthe liner flange 33 and are clamped by the latter against the inner sideof the door panel so as tov fasten the gasket thereto.

In this case the center of the gasket bead is arranged substantially inthe same plane as the transverse flanges of the woven strip and the beadthereof is supported on opposite sides of the slot in its tube byengagement with the door and liner anges, thereby insuring uniformflattening of the same as the inner side of this bead engages with thebearing face formed by the rabbet 30 on the oven upon closing the ovendoor, as shown in Fig. 8.

Obviously this gasket may be mounted on the front end of the oven aroundits inlet opening instead of on the edge portions of the door.

Inasmuch as this gasket can be made from materials which are notproduced according to standard methods, it is possible to furnish thesame at relatively low cost without appreciably increasing the cost of astove as a whole.

Owing to this gasket being concealed when in use, the same does notdetract from the appearance of the stove vand as it positively preventsany staining of the stove front a neat appearance of the same ismaintained. As the escape of vapors isV positively prevented,cooking-can be effected in less time than heretofore and a substantialeconomy is effected incident to a saving of fuel.

When this gasket is used in places where the entrance of air from theexterior into the interior of a compartment is objectionable, such,

for example, as in the ash pit'of a furnace, a

ening furnaces and other installations presenting conditions whichrender it desirable to avoid leakage of gases in order tol econornize inthe use of fuel and also obtain better control of the heatiing operationwhich may be an important item when processing materials.

We claim as our invention:

Y 1. A gasket for sealing the joint between a body having an opening anda door adapted to close said opening and hinged at its lower horizontaledge to said body, said gasket including a horizontal section mounted onthe upper horizontal edge portion of the door and adapted tov engage thecorresponding opposing part of said body and two vertical sectionsmountedv on the vertical edge portions of said door and adapted toengage the corresponding opposing parts of said body,

said horizontal gasket section being of uniformy cross sectionthroughoutl itslength and the uplbody having an opening and a dooradapted to close said opening and hinged at its lower horizontal edge tosaid body, said gasket including a horizontal section mounted on theupper horizontal edge portion of the door and adapted to engage thecorresponding opposing part of said body and two vertical sectionsmounted on the vertical edge portions of said door and adapted to engagethe corresponding opposing parts of said body, said horizontal sectionincluding a tube of Woven wire, and a filling which is of uniform crosssection throughout its length and consists of a hard cord of asbestosarranged in the rear part of said horizontal tube, and a soft facing ofloose asbestos wicking arranged in the front part of said horizontaltube; and each of said vertical sections including a vertical woven wiretube and a filling which is not of uniform cross section throughout itslength arranged in each of said vertical tubes and which consists of ahard cord of asbestos arranged in the rear part of each Vertical tube,and a soft layer of loose asbestos wicking arranged in the front part ofeach vertical tube and the upper endportion of each of said verticalwicking corresponding to the form of the wicking in said horizontalfilling and the lower end portion of the wicking in each of saidvertical fillings being of downwardly tapering form. I

EDWARD BERT REYNOLDS.

ALFRED C. FAUL.

